General Planning: Distress Signals For Paddlers

There are two types of distress signals: short and long-range. If someone is there to detect a short-range signal, they can bring a quick response. Long-range devices have a much wider range, but it may take longer for someone to respond to them. Depending on where you paddle, you may need a mix of both short and long-range devices. It's a good idea to carry distress signals on your person, in case you get separated from your boat, but don't carry items that compromise your mobility or the buoyancy of your PFD.

Short-Range Signals

• Whistles are easier to hear (and sustain) than shouting. A whistle can also prevent emergencies by keeping paddlers from becoming separated. They also fulfill the Coast Guard requirement for “a sound-signaling device or a sound-signaling appliance.”

• Flares that come packed in their own launch tubes (about the size of a big felt marker) are popular because they fit into PFD pockets. Some paddlers also carry parachute flares contained in launch tubes (roughly the size of a tube of tennis balls). Although too big to carry in a pocket, parachute flares ascend higher, descend more slowly, and burn brighter and longer, increasing the likelihood they will be seen. Marine flares are nominally waterproof, but they should be kept dry to ensure they will work when needed. They are marked with a date of manufacture or with an expiry date (flares usually expire after four years). Their performance is not guaranteed once expired, so check the dates at the start of every paddling season, and replace them as needed. Flare pistols or pens that must be loaded before use are not suitable for on-water signaling, as a paddler's hands are usually occupied during an emergency.

• Smoke Signals emit clouds of brightly colored smoke, more visible in bright daylight than flares.

• Signal Mirrors reflect sunlight to create flashes that can be aimed towards ships or aircraft.

Long-Range Signals